A Review of Performance of FRP Reinforced Structures under Fire Exposure
Keywords:
CFRP, GFRP, Fire Exposure, NSM, EBR, Concrete, Glass Transition Temperature
Abstract
FRPs have been rapidly gaining popularity across a variety of civil engineering applications. Over the decades, most of the applications have been for structures where no fire exposure is considered such as bridges and parking lots. For applications in confined spaces, performance under fire is an important property to be considered for any material, due to which, FRP strengthening systems in buildings have not seen widespread use. Due to scarce research in the field, the fibre reinforced polymers do not have sufficient documentation of bond properties and mechanical characteristics at elevated temperatures required for use in buildings. This review consolidates the existing research on the mechanical and bond behavior at high temperature of the constituent materials of FRPs. The paper also discusses experimental results and numerical studies conducted by various researchers for insulated as well uninsulated FRP strengthened concrete members (beams, columns, slabs) at elevated temperatures. Available design guidelines has been discussed. Finally, recommendations for future research is also discussedReferences
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Ahmed A and Kodur V (2011) The experimental behavior of FRP-strengthened RC beams subjected to design fire exposure Eng. Struct. 33 2201–2211.
Barnes R and Fidell J (2006) Performance in Fire of Small-Scale CFRP Strengthened Concrete Beams J. Compos. Constr. 10 503–508.
Barros J and Fortes A (2006) Flexural strengthening of concrete beams with CFRP laminates bonded into slits Cement Concr Compos 27 471–480.
Bisby L and Green M (2005) Fire Performance of FRP Systems for Infrastructure : A State-of-the-Art Report NRC Publications Archive.
Burke P (2008) Low and high temperature performance of near surface mounted FRP strengthened concrete slabs. M.S. thesis, Queen’s Univ., Kinston, ON, Canada.
Chowdhury E, Eedson R, Bisby L, Green M and Benichou N (2011) Mechanical Characterization of Fibre Reinforced Polymers Materials at High Temperature Fire Technol 47 1063
Fib bulletin 14 (2001) Externally bonded FRP reinforcement for RC structures. Technical report.
Firmo J, Correia R, and Bisby L (2015) Fire behaviour of FRP-strengthened reinforced concrete structural elements : A state-of-the-art review Composites Part B 80 198–216.
Firmo J, Correia R, and França P (2012) Fire behaviour of reinforced concrete beams strengthened with CFRP laminates : Protection systems with insulation of the anchorage zones Composites Part B: Engineering 43 1545–1556.
Foster S and Bisby L (2008) Fire Survivability of Externally Bonded FRP Strengthening Systems J. Compos. Constr. 12 553–561.
Gates T (1991) Effects of Elevated Temperature on the Viscoelastic Modeling of Graphite/Polymeric Composites NASA Technical Memorandum 104160.
Green M (2004) The Performance of FRP-strengthened concrete slabs in fire NRC Publications Archive.
Griffis C, Masmura R and Chang C (1984) Thermal response of graphite epoxy composite subjected to rapid heating Environmental Effects on Composite Materials 2 245-260.
Katz A (1999) Bond mechanism of FRP rebars to concrete Materials and Structures 32 761-768.
Kodur V and Ahmed A (2010) Numerical Model for Tracing the Response of FRP-Strengthened RC Beams Exposed to Fire J. Compos. Constr 14 730–742.
Kodur V and Baingo D (1998) Fire resistance of FRP reinforced concrete slabs National Research Council of Canada IR758.
Kumahara S, Masuda Y, Tanano H and Shimizu A (1999) Tensile strength of continuous fiber bar under high temperature International Symposium on Fiber Reinforced Polymer Reinforcement for Reinforced Concrete Structures 731-742.
Mallick P K (2007) Fiber- Reinforced Composites. CRC Press.
Maraveas C, Miamis K and Vrakas A (2012) FRP-Strengthened/Reinforced Concrete Structures exposed to fire : A review Structural Engineering International 22 500-513.
Palmieri A, Matthys S and Taerwe L (2012) Experimental investigation on fire endurance of insulated concrete beams strengthened with near surface mounted FRP bar reinforcement Compos. Part B 43 885–895.
Sen R, Mariscal D and Shahawy M (1993) Durability of Fiberglass Prestensioned Beams ACI Structural Journal 90 525-533.
Wang K, Young B, and Smith S (2011) Mechanical properties of pultruded carbon fibre-reinforced polymer ( CFRP ) plates at elevated temperatures Eng. Struct. 33 2154–2161.
Williams B, Kodur V, Green M, and Bisby L (2008) Fire Endurance of Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Strengthened Concrete T-Beams 105.
Yu B and Kodur V (2014) Fire behavior of concrete T-beams strengthened with near-surface mounted FRP reinforcement Eng. Struct. 80 350–361.
Ahmed A and Kodur V (2011) The experimental behavior of FRP-strengthened RC beams subjected to design fire exposure Eng. Struct. 33 2201–2211.
Barnes R and Fidell J (2006) Performance in Fire of Small-Scale CFRP Strengthened Concrete Beams J. Compos. Constr. 10 503–508.
Barros J and Fortes A (2006) Flexural strengthening of concrete beams with CFRP laminates bonded into slits Cement Concr Compos 27 471–480.
Bisby L and Green M (2005) Fire Performance of FRP Systems for Infrastructure : A State-of-the-Art Report NRC Publications Archive.
Burke P (2008) Low and high temperature performance of near surface mounted FRP strengthened concrete slabs. M.S. thesis, Queen’s Univ., Kinston, ON, Canada.
Chowdhury E, Eedson R, Bisby L, Green M and Benichou N (2011) Mechanical Characterization of Fibre Reinforced Polymers Materials at High Temperature Fire Technol 47 1063
Fib bulletin 14 (2001) Externally bonded FRP reinforcement for RC structures. Technical report.
Firmo J, Correia R, and Bisby L (2015) Fire behaviour of FRP-strengthened reinforced concrete structural elements : A state-of-the-art review Composites Part B 80 198–216.
Firmo J, Correia R, and França P (2012) Fire behaviour of reinforced concrete beams strengthened with CFRP laminates : Protection systems with insulation of the anchorage zones Composites Part B: Engineering 43 1545–1556.
Foster S and Bisby L (2008) Fire Survivability of Externally Bonded FRP Strengthening Systems J. Compos. Constr. 12 553–561.
Gates T (1991) Effects of Elevated Temperature on the Viscoelastic Modeling of Graphite/Polymeric Composites NASA Technical Memorandum 104160.
Green M (2004) The Performance of FRP-strengthened concrete slabs in fire NRC Publications Archive.
Griffis C, Masmura R and Chang C (1984) Thermal response of graphite epoxy composite subjected to rapid heating Environmental Effects on Composite Materials 2 245-260.
Katz A (1999) Bond mechanism of FRP rebars to concrete Materials and Structures 32 761-768.
Kodur V and Ahmed A (2010) Numerical Model for Tracing the Response of FRP-Strengthened RC Beams Exposed to Fire J. Compos. Constr 14 730–742.
Kodur V and Baingo D (1998) Fire resistance of FRP reinforced concrete slabs National Research Council of Canada IR758.
Kumahara S, Masuda Y, Tanano H and Shimizu A (1999) Tensile strength of continuous fiber bar under high temperature International Symposium on Fiber Reinforced Polymer Reinforcement for Reinforced Concrete Structures 731-742.
Mallick P K (2007) Fiber- Reinforced Composites. CRC Press.
Maraveas C, Miamis K and Vrakas A (2012) FRP-Strengthened/Reinforced Concrete Structures exposed to fire : A review Structural Engineering International 22 500-513.
Palmieri A, Matthys S and Taerwe L (2012) Experimental investigation on fire endurance of insulated concrete beams strengthened with near surface mounted FRP bar reinforcement Compos. Part B 43 885–895.
Sen R, Mariscal D and Shahawy M (1993) Durability of Fiberglass Prestensioned Beams ACI Structural Journal 90 525-533.
Wang K, Young B, and Smith S (2011) Mechanical properties of pultruded carbon fibre-reinforced polymer ( CFRP ) plates at elevated temperatures Eng. Struct. 33 2154–2161.
Williams B, Kodur V, Green M, and Bisby L (2008) Fire Endurance of Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Strengthened Concrete T-Beams 105.
Yu B and Kodur V (2014) Fire behavior of concrete T-beams strengthened with near-surface mounted FRP reinforcement Eng. Struct. 80 350–361.
